HOW THE FF DESCALER WORKS
FIRST, Calcite or Aragonite:
Without the FF treatment, Calcite crystals (lime
scale): In laboratory tests by placing a drop of water on a glass slide and
caUsesng its evaporation, the microscopic observation reveals that the Calcite forms
numerous crystals in form of Dendrite, which adhere to the glass. Actually, the lime
scales begin to form at the points where the first Calcite crystals adhere to the walls of
the pipes and machinery (germination), accumulating in the same way.
With the FF Treatment, Aragonite crystals (soft mud): The
same laboratory tests LGAI, accredited by the EC, (Barcelona, File nr.22015382 on
06/06/2002), give a completely different result. It literally states that: “Upon
completing the tests mentioned in the results section, we observe that the installation of
the Ecological Descaler for Hard Water FLUID FORCE in a pipe from the general distribution
network of drinking water, causes a change in the structure of the Calcium Carbonate.
Before putting the FF descaler in place, the crystalline structure is mainly in
Calcite form and less in the form of Aragonite; after placing it only the crystalline
structure of Aragonite may be observed.”
ConclUseson: a) A preventive effect is seen (crystal formation
of Aragonite, soft mud evacuated by the running water). b) Calcite and the inlaid Magnesium Carbonate
formed prior to treatment are dissolved by means of a slow and progressive process. These
tests have been done Usesng different magnets, different magnetic poles, waters flowing at
different speeds and temperatures, showing that the velocity of the water flowing through
the magnetic field is the most important factor which generates the necessary kinetic
energy, without which the magnetic treatment would not cause any effect. Also, it has been
demonstrated that the water has a magnetic memory, which maintains the effects of the
treatment during a minimum of 2 days even if water does not circulate (tanks, storage
cells, etc.).
| PHYSICAL ANALYSIS OF CaCO3 - POLIMORFS OF Mineral CaCO3 |
Mineral |
Calcite |
Aragonite |
Chemical
Formula |
CaCO3 |
CaCO3 |
Class |
Carbonates |
Carbonates |
Group |
Calcite |
Aragonite |
State |
Solid |
Soft Deposits |
Crystalline
Structure, Crystallography
a) System and class
b) Spacial Group
c) Lines of diffraction (intensity). |
Calcite crystals have thousands of different geometric forms, combining with
several compounds their positive and negative rhombohedrons, inclined and on end, several
scalahedrons and prisms, etc.
a) Hexagonal; _3 2/m
b) R3c
c) d (2T): 3.04 (10).
2-29 (2). 2-10 (2). 1.913 (2). |
Ion Carbonate Groups (CO3), with a Carbon Ion in
the centre of the triangle and three Oxygen Ions at each end.
a)
Rhombic 2/m, 2/m, 2/m
b) Pmcn
c) d (2T): 3.04 (9), 2.71 (6), 1975 (10). |
Symmetry |
Triagonal. |
Orthorhombic. |
Optics |
Negative uni-axel. Very bi-refringent. |
Negative bi-axel. |
Colour |
Extremely
variable, but generally white, colourless with light shades. |
White,
colourless or subdued shades. |
Shine |
Glassy. |
Glassy. |
Crystalline System |
Triagonal; bar 3 2/m. |
Orthorhombic;
2/m 2/m 2/m. |
Exfoliation |
Perfect in
three directions, forming rhombohedrons. |
Not
clear. |
Cleavage |
Perfect in three directions,
forming rhombohedrons. |
Distinct
in one direction (pinacoidal). |
Fracture |
Conchoidal |
Subconchoidal |
Hardness |
3 |
3,5-4 |
Streak |
White. |
White. |
Density |
2.710g/cm3. |
2.94
g/cm3. |
Other Characteristics |
Refractive
indices of 1.49 and 1.66 caUsesng a significant double refraction effect (when a clear
crystal is placed on a single line, two lines can then be observed), effervesces easily
with dilute acids and may be fluorescent, phosphorescent, thermoluminescent and
triboluminscent. |
Aragonite
effervesces easily in cold dilute Hydrochloric Acid, is strongly bi-refringent, is
fluorescent and its refractive index is 1.7. |
| Appearance |
In good size
crystals, 2 main patterns: a) In very acute scalahedrons (dog’s tooth). b) In very obtuse scalahedrons crowning the bases of the trigonales prisms (nail
head). c) Also very typical rhombohedrons like exfoliation products; in massive
spastic forms, fibrous, columns, stalactites, granular and dusty. Frequent macles. |
In
simple rombohedric crystals or with multiple macles giving an aspect of a hexagonal prism
or stalactites. |
| Chemical
Composition |
Contains
56,03% of CaO and 43,97% of CO2. The Ca may be substituted by Mn, Fe and in
less measures Sr, Co, Zn, Ba and Pb. |
The
same theoretic composition as Calcite. It’s a polymorph of CaCO3
unstable in atmospheric conditions. It contains the isomorphic substitutions Ba, Sr,
Pb and Zn. Soluble in hydrochloric acid. |
Field Indicators |
Hardness
(3), perfect exfoliation (rhombohedric), clear in color and a glassy shine, bi-refringency
and reacts with it to cold Hydrochloric Acid. |
Crystalline
habit, one singular plane of division and reaction to cold.
Hydrochloric Acid. |
Associated Minerals |
Fluorine,
Quartz, Barium, Galena, Celestine, Sulfur, Gold, Copper, Emerald, Zeolite, some Sulfides,
other Carbonates and Borates, and many other minerals. |
Plaster,
Malachite, Calcite, Serpentine, Quartz, Clays, Dolomite, Limonite, Chalcopyrite, among
others. |
CALCITE |
ARAGONITE |
SECOND: The Ions don’t adhere to
piping and machinery. The electrical phenomena caused by FF allow the water to increase its capacity to
maintain a greater number of Ions present in the dissolution.
THIRD: FF decreases the pH and the superficial tension of
the water, reducing the risk of scale. |
|
